This paper by PERI researcher Vamsi Vakulabharanam explores the evolution of post-colonial South Asian economies. He describes how dominant classes, including landed interests, private capital, and government bureaucrats in South Asia prevented a progressive economic restructuring. Crises that threatened to radically transform the existing social order were solved through an ‘imperialist fix,’ whereby the dominant classes in conjunction with the state sought external help. Imperialist countries then used the region as a ‘spatial fix’ to solve their own crises. These two processes define the mutual engagement of imperialism and South Asian economies during this period.